【問題1】適用集成電路、工業(yè)母機(jī)、先進(jìn)制造業(yè)企業(yè)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策(以下簡(jiǎn)稱三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策)的企業(yè)既有一般計(jì)稅方法的銷售額,也有簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅方法的銷售額,其簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅方法對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)納稅額能否抵減加計(jì)抵減額? 答:加計(jì)抵減額只可以抵減一般計(jì)稅方法對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)納稅額。簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅方法對(duì)應(yīng)的應(yīng)納稅額,不可以抵減加計(jì)抵減額。【問題2】適用三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策的企業(yè)A同時(shí)還符合即征即退政策條件,能否同時(shí)享受加計(jì)抵減政策和即征即退政策?答:《財(cái)政部?稅務(wù)總局關(guān)于先進(jìn)制造業(yè)企業(yè)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策的公告》(2023年第43號(hào))、《財(cái)政部 稅務(wù)總局關(guān)于集成電路企業(yè)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策的通知》(財(cái)稅〔2023〕17號(hào))及《財(cái)政部 稅務(wù)總局關(guān)于工業(yè)母機(jī)企業(yè)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策的通知》(財(cái)稅〔2023〕25號(hào))等文件(以下簡(jiǎn)稱43號(hào)公告等文件)規(guī)定,納稅人同時(shí)符合多項(xiàng)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策的,可以擇優(yōu)選擇適用,但在同一期間不得疊加適用。43號(hào)公告等文件僅明確不能疊加適用多項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策,納稅人可以同時(shí)享受加計(jì)抵減政策和即征即退政策。【問題3】先進(jìn)制造業(yè)企業(yè)A為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品深加工企業(yè),能否同時(shí)享受先進(jìn)制造業(yè)加計(jì)抵減政策和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加計(jì)抵扣政策?答:43號(hào)公告規(guī)定,先進(jìn)制造業(yè)企業(yè)同時(shí)符合多項(xiàng)增值稅加計(jì)抵減政策的,可以擇優(yōu)選擇適用,但在同一期間不得疊加適用。43號(hào)公告中僅明確不能疊加適用多項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策。農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加計(jì)抵扣政策是指企業(yè)從事農(nóng)產(chǎn)品深加工業(yè)務(wù),購(gòu)進(jìn)用于生產(chǎn)或者委托加工13%稅率貨物的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,可加計(jì)一個(gè)百分點(diǎn),按照10%扣除率計(jì)算抵扣進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不屬于加計(jì)抵減政策,納稅人可以同時(shí)享受先進(jìn)制造業(yè)加計(jì)抵減政策和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加計(jì)抵扣政策。【問題4】企業(yè)A已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按規(guī)定作進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出的,在計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額時(shí)如何處理?形成了負(fù)數(shù)怎么申報(bào)?答:43號(hào)公告等文件規(guī)定,“按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)定不得從銷項(xiàng)稅額中抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額;已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按規(guī)定作進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出的,應(yīng)在進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出當(dāng)期,相應(yīng)調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額?!奔{稅人在申報(bào)時(shí),應(yīng)將調(diào)減的加計(jì)抵減額填寫在《增值稅及附加稅費(fèi)申報(bào)表附列資料(四)》“二、加計(jì)抵減情況”第3列“本期調(diào)減額”中。按規(guī)定調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額后,形成的可抵減額負(fù)數(shù),應(yīng)填寫在第4列“本期可抵減額”中,通過表中公式運(yùn)算,可抵減額負(fù)數(shù)計(jì)入當(dāng)期“期末余額”欄中。【問題5】適用三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策的企業(yè),能否申請(qǐng)享受留抵退稅?答:加計(jì)抵減額是根據(jù)可抵扣進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額的一定比例計(jì)算的,用于抵減應(yīng)納稅額的額度,并不是納稅人的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不會(huì)影響納稅人的留抵稅額。符合現(xiàn)行留抵退稅政策條件的納稅人,無論是否享受過加計(jì)抵減政策,均可申請(qǐng)辦理留抵退稅。【問題6】享受三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策的納稅人,發(fā)生留抵退稅或留抵稅額抵減欠稅(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“留抵抵欠”)后,相應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出是否需要調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額?答:43號(hào)公告等文件規(guī)定,“按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)定不得從銷項(xiàng)稅額中抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額;已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按規(guī)定作進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出的,應(yīng)在進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出當(dāng)期,相應(yīng)調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額?!?/span> 納稅人的留抵稅額,是按規(guī)定可抵扣但尚未抵扣完的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不屬于不得從銷項(xiàng)稅額中抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額。因此,適用三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策的納稅人,在留抵退稅或留抵抵欠后作進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出時(shí),不需要調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額?!?/section>【問題7】納稅人適用免稅政策、簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅政策對(duì)應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,應(yīng)在申報(bào)加計(jì)抵減時(shí)的本期發(fā)生額中直接扣減,還是通過本期調(diào)減額方式調(diào)減?答:43號(hào)公告等文件規(guī)定,“按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)定不得從銷項(xiàng)稅額中抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額;已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按規(guī)定作進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出的,應(yīng)在進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出當(dāng)期,相應(yīng)調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額。”納稅人適用免稅政策、簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅政策對(duì)應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,屬于按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)定不得從銷項(xiàng)稅額中抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,應(yīng)直接在進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額中扣減后再計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額,并填寫在《增值稅及附加稅費(fèi)申報(bào)表附列資料(四)》“二、加計(jì)抵減情況”第2列“本期發(fā)生額”。如相應(yīng)進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額已抵扣,又通過進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出欄次轉(zhuǎn)出,在抵扣時(shí)應(yīng)按照抵扣的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額,并填寫《增值稅及附加稅費(fèi)申報(bào)表附列資料(四)》“二、加計(jì)抵減情況”第2列“本期發(fā)生額”;在進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出時(shí),通過“二、加計(jì)抵減情況”第3列“本期調(diào)減額”調(diào)減。【問題8】43號(hào)公告等文件明確,出口貨物勞務(wù)不適用加計(jì)抵減政策,其對(duì)應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額。對(duì)于出口視同內(nèi)銷征稅、出口應(yīng)征稅、出口適用零稅率的貨物對(duì)應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,能否計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額?答:43號(hào)公告等文件提到的出口貨物勞務(wù),并未區(qū)分是否征稅,出口視同內(nèi)銷征稅、出口應(yīng)征稅、出口適用零稅率的貨物均為出口貨物,其對(duì)應(yīng)的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額。【問題9】43號(hào)公告等文件明確,加計(jì)抵減企業(yè)兼營(yíng)出口貨物勞務(wù)、發(fā)生跨境應(yīng)稅行為且無法劃分不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按照以下公式計(jì)算:不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額=當(dāng)期無法劃分的全部進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額×當(dāng)期出口貨物勞務(wù)和發(fā)生跨境應(yīng)稅行為的銷售額÷當(dāng)期全部銷售額。某納稅人2023年11月底被工信部門納入先進(jìn)制造業(yè)清單,12月申報(bào)時(shí)能否按照1-11月合計(jì)銷售額計(jì)算不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,還是必須逐月計(jì)算?答:三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策采用清單制,每年清單發(fā)布均可能存在追溯執(zhí)行的情況。納稅人可在確定適用加計(jì)抵減政策的當(dāng)期,將前期未計(jì)算的不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按照當(dāng)年1月至當(dāng)期累計(jì)銷售額比例一并計(jì)算。后續(xù)納稅人按月申報(bào)享受加計(jì)抵減政策,應(yīng)按當(dāng)月銷售額比例計(jì)算不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額。【問題10】43號(hào)公告等文件明確加計(jì)抵減企業(yè)兼營(yíng)出口貨物勞務(wù)、發(fā)生跨境應(yīng)稅行為且無法劃分不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額,按照以下公式計(jì)算:不得計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額=當(dāng)期無法劃分的全部進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額×當(dāng)期出口貨物勞務(wù)和發(fā)生跨境應(yīng)稅行為的銷售額÷當(dāng)期全部銷售額。上述公式中當(dāng)期全部銷售額是否包含出口免稅銷售額、其他免稅銷售額、簡(jiǎn)易計(jì)稅銷售額等?【問題11】納稅人2023年適用三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策,2024年由于不符合條件不再享受三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策,如果納稅人2023年已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額在2024年發(fā)生進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出,納稅人還需要相應(yīng)調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額嗎?答:納稅人由于不符合條件不再享受三項(xiàng)加計(jì)抵減政策,不能繼續(xù)計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額,但結(jié)余的加計(jì)抵減額仍可繼續(xù)抵減;已計(jì)提加計(jì)抵減額的進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額發(fā)生進(jìn)項(xiàng)稅額轉(zhuǎn)出時(shí),應(yīng)相應(yīng)調(diào)減加計(jì)抵減額,如結(jié)余的加計(jì)抵減額不足以調(diào)減,則需按規(guī)定補(bǔ)征相應(yīng)稅款。